Recent advancements in battery technology have led to the development of more efficient electric auxiliary power units (APUs) for Class 8 trucks, promising better fuel economy and reduced maintenance costs. At the TPM conference in Long Beach, California, two new electric APUs were introduced: Dragonfly Energy’s DualFlow Power Pack and DClimate’s Lithium Pro. These units allow for complete engine shutdown during a driver's rest period while still providing necessary power, significantly reducing diesel consumption.
Dragonfly Energy’s APU uses lithium iron phosphate batteries, which can sustain hotel loads, such as HVAC systems, without idling the truck engine. This system is designed to charge from the truck’s alternator while in motion, promoting flexibility and ease of integration into existing fleets. Additionally, the efficiency of lithium iron phosphate batteries offers quicker charging times and lighter weight compared to traditional AGM batteries.
DClimate has also responded to the industry's need for longer battery life with its upcoming Lithium Pro model, expected to last between eight to ten years, effectively matching the lifespan of the trucks they power. This innovation not only benefits operational efficiency but also enhances residual value for fleets when trading in vehicles.
While electric APUs present financial advantages, shaped by potential return on investment (ROI) from fuel savings and reduced engine idle time, challenges remain. Factors affecting ROI include variations in operational scenarios and maintenance requirements. Nonetheless, companies like C.R. England are transitioning their fleets to electric APUs after realizing the lower maintenance costs compared to diesel units.
Despite inherent challenges, such as the need for further technological enhancements like higher-voltage systems for better cooling efficiency, the trend toward electric APUs is gaining momentum in the trucking industry. Fleet operators recognize the value in driver comfort and the long-term financial benefits, suggesting a significant shift in purchasing decisions as these technologies mature.
In transport policy discussions, it's crucial to acknowledge the potential shift toward electric APUs as part of broader sustainability goals. Drivers' needs should be central to these developments, ensuring that innovations enhance not only operational efficiency but also overall well-being behind the wheel. A focused approach to training for technicians will be necessary to support this transition, ensuring that the industry is prepared for the increasingly complex technologies that will define the future of commercial transport.
DClimate is developing a new lithium-ion battery electric auxiliary power unit (APU) called Lithium Pro, set for release by the end of 2025. This APU promises a battery life that aligns with typical truck life cycles, lasting between eight to ten years compared to the three to five years of older AGM systems. This enhancement means that trucking fleets can expect more residual value for their trucks, as they can sell them with an APU that's still halfway through its useful life, which positively influences return on investment.
The feature of bi-directional charging aims to address battery health by keeping the batteries charged, thus minimizing dead batteries. Various suppliers also highlight the advancements in electric APUs, such as Thermo King's Envidia, which offers effective temperature control and reduced power consumption, demonstrating utility in reducing cooling times within the cab. However, there are challenges with the adoption of electric APUs, as concerns around reliability and performance remain evident.
The financial appeal lies in reduced fuel consumption and maintenance costs, with some providers suggesting that companies can see a return on investment within six months to two years. Effective idle strategies have led companies like C.R. England to significantly benefit from electric APUs, which improve driver comfort and operational efficiency.
Expert opinion emphasizes the potential of electric APUs in the evolving field of transportation. As technology improves, companies that adopt these systems early can gain a competitive edge by cutting operational costs while boosting driver satisfaction. Additionally, the industry's shift towards higher voltage systems could enhance cooling efficiency, making electric solutions even more viable compared to traditional methods. This transition highlights a crucial point: the sustainability and efficiency of transportation will increasingly hinge on integrating technology that benefits both the fleet's bottom line and the working conditions of drivers.
The trucking industry is increasingly focusing on the adoption of electric Auxiliary Power Units (APUs) to enhance efficiency and reduce costs. Companies like DClimate and Thermo King are leading the development of these technologies. DClimate has introduced a lithium-ion battery system featuring bi-directional charging, which helps maintain the health of truck batteries and reduces the risk of dead batteries. Meanwhile, Thermo King's Envidia APU offers an impressive cooling output and uses advanced variable speed technology to minimize power consumption, enabling longer runtimes.
Despite these advancements, the transition to electric APUs is not without challenges. Some suppliers have noted that previous electric APUs have not delivered on their promises, creating skepticism within the industry. Nevertheless, both DClimate and Thermo King assert that trucking companies can expect a solid return on investment (ROI) from electric APUs, potentially ranging from six months to two years, due to fuel savings and reduced maintenance costs.
C.R. England, one of North America's largest carriers, has begun implementing electric APUs following disappointing results with diesel models. After trials with DClimate's technology, the company plans to convert its entire sleeper fleet to electric APUs over the coming years, indicating confidence in the improved performance and comfort that these systems provide for drivers.
An essential aspect of successfully implementing electric APUs lies in the drivers' role. Innovations designed to minimize disruptions in drivers' rest periods, such as eliminating auto-start systems that can disrupt sleep, are a priority for manufacturers. Additional features like real-time monitoring and customizable options enhance the utility of electric APUs further.
Looking to the future, there is anticipation for enhancements in electric APU technology, including increased operational voltage for compressors, which can improve cooling efficiency. As the industry continues to evolve, these technologies may reshape operational practices, lead to more efficient fleets, and contribute to lower emission standards, reflecting broader advancements within transportation.
C.R. England has decided to adopt electric auxiliary power units (APUs) after determining that diesel models were not cost-effective due to high maintenance costs. The carrier successfully tested 100 DClimate electric APUs over a year and concluded that these units provided better driver comfort and access to hotel loads compared to traditional idle practices. The company plans to convert its entire sleeper fleet to electric APUs over the next four to five years as existing trucks are retired.
In addition to performance benefits, the use of electric APUs can result in significant fuel savings and improved overall return on investment (ROI) due to lower diesel consumption and reduced engine idling. The expected ROI from the Envidia electric APU from Thermo King could be realized within 12 to 18 months, thanks to maintenance advantages and efficiency gains. Challenges still exist, as traditional diesel auxiliary systems have proven more reliable in some scenarios, and the industry is still working on optimizing electric APU technology.
Drivers are a crucial factor in the success of electric APUs; their comfort and how they manage idling directly impact performance and efficiency. Modern electric systems, designed to avoid disruptions due to auto-start features, offer uninterrupted rest, which enhances driver alertness and overall safety. Future developments in APU technology aim to improve cooling and power capabilities while addressing previous shortcomings that have hindered broader adoption in the trucking industry.
The shift towards electric APUs reflects a broader trend of increasing efficiency in freight transport as companies look to reduce fuel consumption and environmental impact while ensuring driver comfort. As transportation technology evolves, it will be essential for fleet managers to consider both technological advancements and driver feedback in their purchasing decisions.
C.R. England, a motor carrier, is transitioning its entire sleeper fleet to electric auxiliary power units (APUs) provided by DClimate over the next four to five years, replacing existing diesel APUs which were found to have high maintenance costs that did not yield positive returns on investment. The shift to electric APUs promises improved driver comfort and better access to hotel loads during rest periods. The company has also implemented an idle performance coaching program for drivers who exceed certain idle thresholds to optimize fuel efficiency.
Several suppliers emphasize the importance of designing electric APUs with driver comfort in mind. Concerns over traditional auto-start systems—where trucks frequently start and stop to maintain battery voltage—have led to the development of lithium systems that can keep the cabin temperature stable without disturbing drivers’ rest. This enhances both driver alertness and overall efficiency.
The market is seeing a demand for customizable solutions like those from Thermo King and Dragonfly Energy. Features such as remote fleet monitoring and flexible heating and power options allow fleet managers to optimize performance and maintain battery health effectively.
Experts suggest that advancements in compression technology, such as higher voltage systems for air conditioning, could further enhance the performance of electric APUs, making them more competitive with diesel alternatives. The shift towards electric APU technology is not only beneficial for improving driver comfort and operational efficiency, but it also aligns with broader sustainability goals within the transportation sector.
Investing in electric APUs and focused driver training programs can significantly impact fleet performance and driver satisfaction. This represents a shift in the freight industry towards more innovative and sustainable practices. The involvement of drivers in this transition is crucial, as their experiences and feedback will drive the ongoing development and optimization of these systems.